Subperiosteal Abscess Indications Drainage

June 5, 2023/

Subperiosteal abscesses in the setting of pediatric orbital cellulitis can be a serious condition that requires prompt and appropriate management to prevent potential complications. When deciding whether to drain a subperiosteal abscess, ophthalmologists should consider several factors, including the age of the patient, location of the abscess, size and recurrence of the abscess, and suspected bacteria involved. Here are some considerations for draining a subperiosteal abscess in the setting of pediatric orbital cellulitis:

  1. Age of the patient: Children under the age of 9 are more likely to have infections caused by single organisms such as Streptococcus pneumoniae or Haemophilus influenzae. However, in children over the age of 9, infections tend to be polymicrobial and may involve anaerobic bacteria, which are more difficult to treat and require more aggressive management.
  2. Location of the abscess: The location of the subperiosteal abscess can also influence management decisions. If the abscess is located in a non-medial location, it may be more difficult to drain and may require a more complex surgical approach.
  3. Size and recurrence of the abscess: If the subperiosteal abscess is large or recurrent, or if there is evidence of extension into adjacent structures such as the cavernous sinus or brain, surgical drainage may be necessary to prevent serious complications.
  4. Suspected bacteria involved: In cases where anaerobic bacteria are suspected, surgical drainage may be necessary to prevent further spread of the infection and to ensure appropriate antibiotic coverage.
  5. Frontal sinusitis: Children with subperiosteal abscesses and frontal sinusitis may require more aggressive management, including early surgical intervention.

Surgical drainage of a subperiosteal abscess in the setting of pediatric orbital cellulitis should be performed by experienced ophthalmologists or oculoplastic surgeons. The procedure involves making an incision and draining the abscess, followed by irrigation and placement of a drainage tube or packing. Antibiotics should also be given before and after the procedure to prevent further infection.