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Posterior capsule rupture

June 5, 2023/

Posterior capsule rupture is a potential complication of cataract surgery that can occur despite careful technique and precautions. If a rupture occurs, it is important for ophthalmologists to act quickly and appropriately in order to minimize the risk of complications. Here is a step-by-step guide for managing a posterior capsule rupture during cataract surgery:

  1. Stop phacoemulsification and irrigation/aspiration immediately.
  2. Inject viscoelastic material into the anterior chamber to maintain the space and prevent the loss of vitreous.
  3. Stop the flow of fluid into the eye to prevent further rupture of the posterior capsule.
  4. If possible, try to identify the location and extent of the rupture by injecting triamcinolone acetonide or using sheets of Flinders to visualize the vitreous.
  5. If there is significant vitreous prolapse into the anterior chamber, consider performing an anterior vitrectomy to remove the vitreous.
  6. If there is a small rent in the posterior capsule and the lens nucleus has not dropped into the vitreous, the surgeon may proceed with the remaining steps of the surgery and complete the cataract removal.
  7. If the lens nucleus has dropped into the vitreous, the surgeon may need to consider alternative surgical options such as a pars plana vitrectomy to remove the lens material.
  8. After the cataract removal is completed, irrigate the anterior chamber to remove any remaining viscoelastic material and any other debris.
  9. Inject additional viscoelastic material into the eye to protect the corneal endothelium and maintain the anterior chamber depth.
  10. Consider the use of a capsular tension ring or suturing the capsular bag to the sclera to provide additional support to the intraocular lens.

In conclusion, posterior capsule rupture during cataract surgery is a serious complication that requires prompt and appropriate management. Injection of viscoelastic material, use of irrigation, sheets flinders, triamcinolone, and anterior vitrectomy are all tools that can be used to help manage the situation. Ophthalmologists should be prepared for the possibility of posterior capsule rupture and have a plan in place for how to manage it in order to minimize the risk of complications and ensure the best possible outcome for their patients.